Hamozvac enq, vor Sevana ltchi xeghvac tchakatagrov xist mtahogvac mer hanrutyan tchnshogh mecamasnutyuny tariner sharunak anhamberutyamb er spasum mer erkri nor, iravakan ev ardar karavarutyan «haytnutyany», iravamb huys tacelov, vor arajin isk pahic karavarutyunn anhapagh klcvi lrjoren xatarvac, ir guce ev anbuzheli ekohamakargov arden isk mahvan ezrin hasac, erkar tariner phrkutyan spasac ltchi shat dzhvarin xndirneri lucman araqini gorcin։

1974-in, erb Sevana ltchi makardakn arden ijel er mot 18 m-ov, ev ayn korcrel er ir jri naxkin cavali (58,6 mlrd xm) mot 37%-y, isk nra ekohamakargy entarkvel er chaphazanc aghetali ev mec phophoxutyunneri, erkri ghekavarutyuny stipvac er shtap veranayel Sevanic bac toghnvogh jri cavalnery։

Atomayin u jermayin elektrakayanneri, mi sharq (zhamanakin iroq irenc npatakin carayogh) jrambarneri, inchpes naev Arpha-Sevan jratari shahagorcman ardyunqum ltchi makardaki ankman chaphery zgalioren nvazecin: shnorhiv naev bac toghnvogh jri tarekan cavalneri minchev 120 mln xm-i krtchatman։

Sevana ltchi ekohamakargi verakangnman ughghutyamb HH karavarutyan dzernarkac mijocarumneric amenaarajnahert ev anhetadzgeli «ognutyuny» hnaravorins seghm zhamketum ltchi makardaki bardzracumn er arnvazn 6 m-ov, ayn hascnelov covi makerevuytic 1903,5 m bardzrutyan (hashvarkayin) nishin։ Da ayn nvazaguyn nishn er, vori depqum miayn kareli er husal, vor litchy karogh e goyatevel: aranc ekologiakan aghetali gorcyntacneri hetaga zargacman։Aynpes vor, ltchi makardaki 6 m-ov bardzracumy derevs erashxiq cher nra ekohamakargi lriv apaqinman angam ayd zhamanak։

Sevana ltchi phrkutyany «dzerq meknec» naev amenakarogh bnutyuny, vori kamqov 2002-ic sksvec Sevana ltchi «oski darashrjany», nra phrkutyan ev veracnndi baghdzali skizby, pargevelov nran bnaklimayakan hiravi anerevakayeli barenpast paymanner: hordarat u erkaratev mtnolortayin teghumnerov tariner։ Ktruk avelacan mtnolortayin teghumnery Sevana ltchi avazanum, ev bnutyan ayd «aratadzernutyuny» sharunakvum e grete minch ors։

Ev zarmanali che, vor yndameny arajin 10 tarum (2002-2011tt.) grancvec Sevana ltchi makardaki annaxadep bardzracum: 3,61 metrov (tarekan mijiny 36 sm)։ Ayd nuyn 10 tarum eghel en aynpisi tariner, erb ltchi makardaky tareverjin nuyn tarva skzbi hamemat (pashtonakan tvyalnerov) bardzracel e 44, 48, 41, 42, 56, 37, 47 sm-ov (tes: gcagrery)։ Ev ayd nuyn 10 tarinerin ltchi makardaki tarva aravelaguyn makardaky nuyn tarva skzbi hamemat kazmel e 73, 72, 73, 66, 54, 78, 49, 56, 81, 60 sm (tes: «2002-2013tt. Sevana ltchi makardaki bardzracman dinamikayi gnahatum» verlucutyuny):

Shatern ein huys tacum, vor evs 12-15 tari, ev Sevani makardaky minchev hashvarkayin 1903,5 m nishi bardzracumn irakanutyun kdarna։Sakayn teghi unecav hakaraky։ HH naxord karavarutyunneri lur hamadzaynutyamb tarectari atchecin Sevana ltchic tuylatrvac qanakic aveli mec cavalnerov jri aporini bactoghumnery, voronc himnakan npatakn er kanxelu ltchi makardaki ancankali arag bardzracumy, qanzi nra jrery yndhup motecel ein oligarx-pashtonyaneri «arquniqneri» ev dghyakneri shemin: sparnalov nranc hegheghmamb։

Sa er himnakan pattchary, vor 2012-ic sksvecin amenamya, shat mec cavalnerov jri intensiv bactoghumnery Sevana ltchic, voronq anmijakanoren ughghvac ein bardzrastitchan pashtonyanerin ev oligarxnerin patkanogh, ltchi aphamerdz taracqi mec masy zbaghecrac bazmativ tankarzheq arandznatnery, hangstyan, hyuranocayin u restoranayin hamalirnery ev gershahutaber ayl obyektnery phrkelun։ Hakarak paragayum nranq karogh ein hashvac amiseri yntacqum korcnel yndameny groshnerov zavtac ltchaphi taracqnery: irenc harust shinutyunnerov u biznesov։

Henc ayd nuyn: 2012-ic sksac, grete kasecvel e Sevana ltchi makardaki bnakanon atchi gorcyntacy, ev ays verjin 7 tarinerin (2012-2018tt.) ltchum grancvel e nra makardaki chnchin bardzracum: yndameny 25 sm (tarekan mijiny 3,6 sm)։ Avelin: ayd 7 tarineric 4-um grancvel e ltchi makardaki bacasakan hashvekshir (3, 3, 4 ev 3 sm-ov), ynd vorum verjin bacasakan hashvekshiry grancvel e 2018-in։

Ayspisov, kanxamtacvac kargov, chen xnayvel ev chen pasharvelSevana litch taphvogh jri mec cavalner, voronq klracnein ltchi nerkayis sugh pasharnern arnvazn 2 mlrd xm-ov (ltchi mot 1,6 m makardak)։

Aynuamenayniv, hark e nshel, vor Sevana ltchi makardaki bnakanon atchi lriv kasecman cragiry kazmvel e vaghuc: derevs 2006-in։

Nax, 2008-in vorogman npatakov jrari cavaly ltchic 120 mln xm-ic «atchec» minchev 170 mln xm-i։ Hatchaxaki dardzan ltchic antuylatreli u zhamketic amis-amisukes shut jrtoghumnery։ Aynuhetev sksvec jri parberakan, lracucich bactoghumneri «sharany», vori pattcharov ktruk krtchatvec ltchi makardaki hetaga bardzracumy։

Naxqan very nshvac cragrin canotanaly, nerkayacnenq Sevana ltchi makardaki kasecmann anughghakioren «npastogh», mi sharq antramabanakan ev, terevs, kaskaceli gorcyntacneri u iroghutyunneri het kapvac hangamanqnery.

-annereli erkar tariner e, inch sharunakvum e Arpha-Sevan tuneli veranorogumy։

-tariner sharunak HH shat jrambarner kisat en lcvum kam yndhanrapes chen lcvum, voronq karogh ein lrjoren tetevacnel Sevana ltchi «bery»։

-Eghvardi: xorhrdayin tarineri arden isk shat mec cavali hoghayin (himnakan) ashxatanqnery grete avartac (220 mln xm taroghutyamb) jrambari karuycy ,cavoq, aydpes el 1994-ic mnac kisavart, vory shat mec ognutyun kliner Sevana ltchin։

-Vorotan-Arpha jratar tuneli karuycy, vorov naxatesvac er Sevan teghaphoxel Vorotan geti jreri mi masy, cavoq, aydpes el ir «handisavor» gorcarkman orvanic (26.04.2004t.) minch ors yndhanrapes chi gorcel, (tes: «2004-in shahagorcman handznvac Spandaryan-Kechut jratar tunelov araysor mek litr jur angam chi…»; «Irates», tiv 51, 07.07.2017t., armecofront.net):

-verjin 7 tarinerin Arpha-Sevan tunelov Sevan teghaphoxvac jri mijin tarekan caval pakasel e aveli qan 2 angam։

-Sevana ltchic snvogh vorogman canqi jrancqnerum (pasht.tvyal.), jri aveli qan 40%-y korchum e nranc «tcheghqvacqnerum»։ Aysinqn: arnvazn verjin 10 tarum Sevana ltchic miayn vorogman npatakov vercrac 2,016 mlrd xm-ic (hashvac naev lracucich jrary) henc aynpes korsvel e aveli qan 800 mln xm jur (ltchi mot 65 sm makardak)։

-atomakayani ashxatanqy profilaktik npatakov hatchaxaki dadarecvum e voch vorogman sezonin, inchi pattcharov mek, mekukes amsov «harkadrabar» lracucich jur e bac toghnvum ltchic: Sevan-Hrazdan HEK-eri kaskadn ashxatacnelu hamar։

-01.01.2011-ic hamashxarhayin geodeziakan nisheri tchshgrtumneri ardyunqum Sevana ltchi irakan makardaki nishy (covi makardakic) arhestakanoren avelacvel e 20 sm-ov, hashvarkelov ayn vorpes ltchi makardaki bnakan bardzracum, vorn irakanum teghi chi unecel, qanzi ltchi jri cavaly mnacel e nuyny։

-2009-in mshakvac «Sevana ltchi makardaki bardzracman zhamanakacuycov» (guce nerqin ogtagorcman hamar) voroshvel e, vor ltchi makardaki tarekan bardzracumy, sksac 2010-ic, chpetq e gerazanci tarekan 20 sm-y, minchev 2031-y: 1903,5 m nishin hasnely։ Terevs, npataky nuynn e: apahovel ltchi aphamerdz gotum obyektneri «erkarakecutyuny»։

Ardyoq sranq patahakan zugadiputyunner en, ayl voch te kanxav mtacvac, lav cragrvac «hamalir mijocarumner»: mec cavalnerov jri «harkadrabar» bactoghumner Sevana ltchic, vorogman anvan tak, dranov isk, nax: lriv kasecnelov ltchi makardaki hetaga atchy ev miazhamanak ogtagorcelov ayn shat ev shat ayl npatakneri hamar։

Che vor zhamanakin, erb gyughakan hamaynqnery derevs ays astitchani chein datarkvel, tuylatrvac 120 mln xm jury lriv bavararum er vorogmany։

Ays bolor anvitcheli ev aknaru phastery, derevs tariner araj, himq ein talis mez hangelu ayn miak ezrakacutyany, vor Sevan-Hrazdan kaskadi otarman paymanagrum petq e, vor ayd gorcarqi shahutaberutyunn apahovogh anhrazhesht jri nvazaguyn qanaky shat aveli mec lini, qan orenqov tuylatrvac tarekan bac toghnvogh jri qanaky ltchic (170 mln xm)։

Ayd kapakcutyamb cankanum enq nerkayacnel, guce ev mer hanrutyann anhayt mi phast, vorn anmijakan kap uni ays xndri het։

Haytni e, vor Sevana ltchic bac toghnvogh jurn ogtagorcvum e naev Sevan-Hrazdan kaskadum elektraenergia artadrelu npatakov։ Mez haytni dardzav naev, vor «Sevan-Hrazdan-Kaskad» PhBY-n: ir 7 HEK-erov, 2003-i hulisi 17-in, vorpes sephakanutyun phoxancvel e «Mijazgayin energetik korporacia» PhBY-in, vory 2005-in hraparakel e teghekatvakan grquyk: «ZAO Mezhdunarodnaya Energeticheskaya Korporaciya», ruseren ev angleren։ Ayd grquyki arajin ejum baraci grvac e. «…HH-um karucvac tunelnerov Arpha ev Vorotan geteri hosqeri mi masi teghaphoxumy Sevana litch lriv tuyl e talis, aranc vnas hascnelu Sevana ltchin, irakanacnel tarekan nvazaguyny 350-440 mln xm cavali jri bactoghumner ltchic: vorogman ev energetik npataknerov»։

Ays togheric aknhayt e darnum, vor kaskady 2003-in rusakan koghmin phoxancoghnery, ankaskac erashxavorel en nranc very nshvac nvazaguyn qanakutyamb jri cavalneri bactoghumner Sevanic, hakarak depqum ays tvery chein haytnvi Mijazgayin energetik korporaciayi pashtonakan grquykum։ Ev qani vor xostacel en ayd cavali jur, apa partavor en «cankacac» mijocnerov katarel irenc xostumy։ Cavoq, xostumy katarvel e Sevana ltchi sugh pasharneri hashvin, qanzi very nshvac Vorotan getic mek litr jur angam aydpes el minch ors Sevana litch chi teghaphoxvel։

Ayzhm andradarnanq ver nshac, Sevana ltchi makardaki bardzracumy lriv kasecnogh HH karavarutyan (hanrutyany lriv anhayt) cragri bun npatakin։

Der 2006-in petakan bardzr makardakov qnnarkvac bnapahpanutyan naxarari arajarkutyany (yst HH varchapeti 05.09.2006 t. № 010-5740 handznararakani) Sevani makardaki bardzracman orensdrutyamb amragrvac aravelaguyn chaphi phophoxman veraberyal harcy, cavoq, lucvec i vnas Sevana ltchi։

Dranov naxatesvum er Sevana ltchi makardaki hetaga bardzracumn irakanacnel 3m + 3 m erku phulov: hamapatasxanabar 15 ev 17 tari irakanacman zhamketnerov։ Miazhamanak arajarkvel e verohishyal «gorcyntacy sksel miayn Sevana ltchi makardaki bardzracman 1-in phulov naxatesvac 1900 m nishin hasneluc heto, katarelov xory, sharunakakan ev laynacaval usumnasirutyunner: miazhamanak hasarakakan canucmamb, inchpes naev nra layn xaveri masnakcutyamb»։ Irakanum ayn chi canucvel։

Ardyoq sa naxoroq xor mtacvac, hatuk (hanrutyunic taqcvac) cragir che ltchi makardaky 1900 m nishi vra verjnakanapes «sarecnelu» npatakov։ Ankaskac։ Da e vkayum, vor ays verjin 7 tarinerin ltchi makardaky grete kangnac («dophum») e henc ayd: 1900 m nishi sahmannerum։

Aha te inch herahar npatakov e «cragrvel» Sevana ltchi makardaki bardzracman erkphul tarberaky։ Kaskacic ver e, vor verohishyal 1-in ev 2-rd phuleri mijev, ays 7 tarineri ltchi nuyn makardakov «yndmijumy» ksharunakvi erkar tariner (cragri bun npataky), qani der nra aphamerdz taracqi zgali masy derevs brnazavtvac e naxkin vernaxavi ev naxkin oligarx-pashtonyaneri koghmic: tuyl chtalov Sevani makardaki bnakanon bardzracman gorcyntacy։

Ete verjin 7 tarineri ltchi makardaki bnakanon atchi lriv kasecumy hetagayum el nuyn mitumov u tempov sharunakvi: lriv aghetali vitchakum toghnelov Sevana ltchi ekohamakargy, apa ankaskac andarnalioren ev verjnakanapes kkocnenq litchy։

Hetevapes, Sevana ltchi, nra ekohamakargi miak phrkutyuny, nra hetaga «aroghj» goyatevman erashxiqy eghel ev aysor el mnum e nra makardaki sharunakakan, anshegh ev npatakadrvac bardzracumy, aranc zartughi ev davadir ughinerov nra makardaki bnakanon atchi kasecman, inchpes da iragorcel en mi xumb azgadav ev anhayreniq, sakayn hzor ishxanakan lcakner «zavtac» naxkin oligarxneri koghmic։ Sa e mer voghj zhoghovrdi hramayakan pahanjy erkri nor karavarutyunic։

Vejin 15 tarineri bnapahpanneri ev Sevana ltchi problemnerov mtahogvac mer bazmativ hamaqaghaqacineri mshtakan boghoqnery, nranc shat ev shat hodvacnern u harcazruycnern ases akamayic ughghvac en eghel naev aysorva nor karavarutyany, qanzi naxkinneri hamar Sevana litchy miayn ev miayn arag harstanalu mijoc e eghel։

Inchpes nshvec verevum, 2018-in nuynpes, inchpes: 2017-in, grancvec Sevani makardaki bacasakan ardyunq (tes: gc. 2), ev, cavoq, chka voch mi erashxiq, vor ayn chi krknvi ays tari nuynpes։ Ayninch, mec huys einq tacum, vor nor karavarutyan ghekavarman 2-rd tarum, terevs, kunenanq naxkin (2002-2011tt.) tarineri nman: Sevana ltchi makardaki eakan bardzracum, qanzi ays tarva mtnolortayin teghumneri cavaly shat chi tarbervel ayd nshac tarineri mtnolortayin teghumneri cavalneric, erb Sevani makardaki tarekan bardzracumn ayd tarineric 6-um: tareverjin kazmel e 41, 42, 44, 47, 48 ev nuynisk: 56 sm։

Ev aysqanic heto, bnav chenq kisum varchapeti hamakerpveln u bavararveln ayn mtqi het, vor ays tari Sevani makardaki spasvogh bardzracumy lavaguyn depqum (yst AIN ghekavari «husadrman»), linelu e yndameny 5 sm-i sahmannerum: inchn ughghakioren anynduneli e։

Tpavorutyun e steghcvum, vor Sevana ltchi makardaki kasecumn aysor el derevs nuyn «otchov» sharunakvum e, nuyn: ltchic jri bactoghumy tariner sharunak «kargavorogh» naxkin hamakargi ognutyamb։

Ltchi, henc ays: verjin tarineri sharunakakan aghetali vitchaky, drdec mez, s.t. mayisi 7-in HH varchapetin ughghvac mer namakum arajarkel: «Sevana ltchi aporini kasecvac makardaki bnakanon atchi verakangnman hamalir cragir»-y (tes:«HZh» terti kayqum, armtimes.com, 23.07.2019t.), vory hnaravorins seghm zhamketum kverakangni ltchi tariner sharunak «chambarvac» jri pasharnern u nra xatarvac ekohamakargy։

Sergey Hajinyan, inzhener 094 52 73 86

Levon Galstyan, ashxarhagraget, Haykakan bnapahpanakan tchakat (HBTch)

H.G.-Husanq, vor mer erkri nor karavarichnery, i tarberutyun naxkinneri: amen kerp knpasten Sevana ltchi makardaki bnakan atchin, minchev nra ekohamakargi lriv verakangnumy erashxavorogh ltchi jri anhrazhesht cavali kutakumy։ Miayn ays depqum Sevana litchy kphrkvi andarnali korstic։

Sergey Hajinyan, inzhener
Levon Galstyan, ashxarhagraget, Haykakan bnapahpanakan tchakat (HBTch)