Nyuty sharadrec: Hayastani azgayin gradarani Matenagitutyan ev gradaranagitutyan bazhni Gradarangitutyan ev teghekatu matenagitutyan entabazhni varich, patmutyan magistros, gradaranayinteghekatvakan aghbyuragitutyan magistros Mher Ghazinyany

Hargarzhan gorcynkerner ev hyurer, voghjunum em Dzez Hayastani azgayin gyradarani (aysuhet: HAG) harazat ev hyurynkal harki nerqo: Shnorhakalutyun em haytnum suyn mijocarman bolor naxadzernoghnerin u kazmakerpichnerin։ Knerkayacnem «HH ankaxutyun-30․hay mamuli ejeric» xoragrov zekucumy, vory baghkacac e 2 karucamasic։ Arajin masum knerkayacnem hakirtch patmakan aknark, erkrordum: hay mamuli dern u ankaxutyan artacolumy hay mamuli ejerum։ Suyn temayin nerhatuk e patmatchanachoghakan ev gitagorcnakan nshanakutyuny։ Teman bavakanin yndgrkun e, usti hnaravorins kartcharot knerkayacnem hamapatkery։ Azgayin arzhehamakargi u inqnutyan pahpanman gorcum huyzh karevor e naev HAG-i patmakan araqelutyuny, usti gradarany evs havur patshatchi arzhevorum e patmamshakutayin zanazan iroghutyunner: handes galov zanazan naxadzernutyunnerov: HAG-um zhamanakin hratarakvogh «Hogevor hayreniq» par-berakani 2008 t. t.1-2-um sharunakabar luys e tesel HAG-i tnoreni gitakan gcov teghakal Haykanush Ghazaryani cavalun hodvacy: «Azgayin gradarany ankaxutyan tarinerin» xoragrov: Hodvacum hamakoghmani lusabanman ev pattcharahetevanqayin kaperi ditarkman mijocov nerkayacvum en karevor iroghutyunner ev himnaxndirner. Hamalrum, karucvacqayin phophoxutyunner, kadrayin harc, gradarani kanonadrutyan naxagic, havaqacuneri stugum-hamematum, «Hayastani Hanrapetutyan gradaranneri masin» orenqi naxagic, matenagitakan, gitahetazotakan ev maetodakan ashxatanqner, gorcughumner, cucahandesner, seminarner, hamazhoghovner: Nerkayacvac e erkri social-tntesakan kacutyan azdecutyuny gradarani gorcuneutyan vra ev ayln[1]:

1․ Hayastani Errord Hanrapetutyan ankaxutyan hrchakumy․hakirtch patmakan aknark

Ankaxutyuny bardzraguyn arzheq e։ Ankaxutyuny nvatchum en tarber tcha-naparhnerov: Orinak, tarber paterazmneric heto: Gitnakannery ditarkell en mardkayin hasarakutyan patmutyan hingukes hazaramya zhamanakahatva-cy ev parzel, vor ayd yntacqum mardkutyunn yndameny 292 tari e aprel aranc paterazmneri, liarzheq xaghaghutyan paymannerum: Mardkutyan patmutyan yntacqum grancvac paterazmneri tivy hasnum e 15 hazari[2]: Ankaxutyan hyr-chakman gorcum karevor e naev azgayin gaghapharaxosutyan dern u nshanakutyuny։ Azgayin gaghapharaxosutyuny azgi nersum goyutyun unecogh himnaxndirneri gitakcumn e, dranc tesakan himnavorumn u hamakargumy, vory darnum e ha-mazgayin gorcuneutyan cragir[3]։ Tramabanakan e, vor ankaxutyan gaghapharn by-xum e hayreniqic։ Hayreniqi bnoroshumy nerkayacnenq yst patmaban, akademi-kos Lendrush Xurshudyani: Erevanum 1995 t․ hratarakac «Haykakan harc» usumnasirutyan․ Yuraqanchyur zhoghovurd goyatevelu ev bnakanon kyanqov aprelu hamar petq e unena ir azat ev ankax hayreniqy, vory zhoghovrdi patmakan aprelataracqn e։ Hayreniqi gaghaphari akunqnery skizb en arnum dareri xorqum: kre-lov patmaetnikakan bnuyt։ Hoghy hayreniq e darnum dareri yntacqum, erb ayn patvum e zhoghovrdi patmamshakutayin, azgagrakan, tchartarapetakan hushardzannerov, erb ayn srbagorc-vum e tshnamineri dem mghac paterazmnerum tarac haghtanaknerov ev legendar herosneri taphvac aryunov, erb dzevavorvum en azgayin bnavorutyan gcery, azgayin nkaragiry, avanduytnery, barqery, tarazy, lezvakan arandznahatkutyunnery, azgayin inqnagitakcutyuny, erb ayd hoghy zhoghovrdi patmakan hishoghutyan mej e mtnum banahyusakan, azatagrakan araspelnerov, eposov, ergerov, heqiatnerov u harazatanum hogepes, erb zhoghovurdy darnum e hogevor amboghjutyun․․․Hayreniqum yuraqanchyur zhoghovurd anpayman petq e unena azat, ankax petakanutyun, qanzi mimiayn ayd paraga-yum e hnaravor apahovelu zhoghovrdi goyatevman u bazmakoghmani zargacman hnaravorutyuny[4]։

Hay zhoghovrdi bazmadarya patmutyan holovuytum karevorvum e naev Hayastanyayc Araqelakan Surb Ekeghecu araqelutyuny։ Hayoc miasnakan petakanutyan bacakayutyan paymannerum Ekeghecin marmnavorum er hayoc petakanutyuny։ Vorpes azgayin-petakan ev hogevormshakutayin yndhanrutyun, hay zhogho-vurdy hamaxmbvum er ir kronov: Ekeghecu dy-roshi tak pahpanelov ir davana-kan dimagicn u inqnuruynutyuny, hogevor-qaghaqakan hamagoyutyuny[5]։

2013 t․-in Erevanum hratarakvec patmakan gitutyunneri doktor, profesor, Erevani petakan hamalsarani patmutyan fakulteti dekan Edik Mina-syani heghinakac «Hayastani Errord Hanrapetutyan patmutyun» himnarar usumnasirutyuny, vortegh hayeren, ruseren ev angleren haryuravor skzbnaghbyurneri ev grakanutyan henqi vra hangamanalic lusabanvel e tarabnuyt himnaharceri bavakanin yndgrkun tiruyt. Hayastani ankaxutyan hrchakum, nerqin drutyun, hasarakakan-qaghaqakan kyanq, mshakutyin kyanq, Hay Araqelakan Ekegheci, mijazgayin drutyun u artaqin qaghaqakanutyun, hayreniq-Sphyurq haraberutyunner, inchpes naev Arcaxyan himnaharc, Arcaxahayutyan goyamart, a-zatagrakan marter, paterazmi haghtakan avart, Arcaxi ankaxutyan hrchakum, Arcaxi Hanrapetutyan nerqin drutyun, banakcayin gorcyntac, hayoc ceghaspanutyan mijazgayin tchanachum, erkrasharzh ev ayln: Hayastani Errord Hanrapetutyuny kyanq arav Hayastani arajin (1918-1920) ev erkrord (1920-1991) hanrapetutyunneri himqi vra vorpes zharangord ev iravahajord։ Nshvum e, vor Arajin hanrapetutyuny gtnvum er orhasakan kacutyan mej։ Ayduhanderdz, ayn ibrev petakan karuyc katarec patmakan ir karevor dery։ XSHM-i kazmum Xorhrdayin Hayastany nshanakalic nvatchumner ardzanagrec hasarakakan ev tntesakan kyanqi grete bolor bnagavarnerum, unecav zargacac ardyunaberutyun, gyughatntesutyun ev mshakuyt ev ayln, sakayn chuner ev cher karogh unenal qaghaqakanapes u tntesapes ankax, azgayin azat petutyun u petakanutyun[6]։ Hayastani ankaxutyan hrchakagirn yndunvel e Geraguyn xorhrdi arajin nstashrjanum 1990 t.ogostosi 23-in[7]: 1991 t․ septemberi 21-in hanraqvei ardyunqum qvearkoghneri bacardzakak mecamasnutyuny «Ayo» asec ankaxutyany, isk septemberi 23-in Geraguyn xorhurdy Hayastany hrchakec ankax, inqnishxan petutyun։

Patmaban, arevelaget Nikolay Hovhannisyann ir heghinakac «Hayastany andrkovkasyan-merdzavorarevelyan ashxarhaqaghaqakan taracashrjani gorcon» vertarutyamb hodvacum nshum e, vor 1991 t․-i septemberi 21-in Hayastany haytnvec mijazgayin asparezum vorpes ankax ev inqnishxan petutyun։ Heghinaky Ha-yastani gorcony nerkayacnum e 4 tesankyunneric։ 1․ Hayastany ashxarhaqa-ghaqakan (geopolitik) gorcon, 2․Hayastany razmaqaghaqakan gorcon, 3․ Hayastany vorpes komunikacion-haghordakcman gorcon, 4․Sphyurqi dery haykakan gor-conum[8]։ Hatkanshakan e, vor takavin antik darashrjani mec mtacoghneric sksac, naev hetagayum petutyunneri tchakatagrum karevorvel e ashxarhagrakan dirqy, mijavayry: I hayt e galis ashxarhagrakan determinizmy, yst vori ditarkvum en ashxarhagrakan gorconnery[9]: Asvacy veraberum e naev Hayastanin ev arhasarak Haykakan lernashxarhin: Mek ayl usumnasirutyan mej karevorvum e azgayin anvtangutyan hayecakargy, vory kareli e bazhanel mi sharq glxavor volortneri: razmavarakan, zhogho-vyrdagrakan, tntesakan (finansakan, energetik ev ayln), teghekatvakan, socialakan, social-hogebanakan, mshakutayin, kronakan, ekologiakan[10]: Hayastani ankaxacumic heto, erb erkiry haytnvec hamyndhanur tchgnazhami mej, Sphyurqi ognutyuny carayecvec Hayastani u Arcaxi socialtntesakan zargacmany: Ayd cragrern iragorcvum en tarber kazmakerputyunneri, himnadramneri ev anhat barerarneri naxadzernutyan u finansavorman shnor-hiv[11]: Norankax Hayastani arjev caracac dzhvarutyunnerin gumarvec naev 1988 t. dektemberi 7-in Hayastanum teghi unecac annaxadep averich erkrasharzhy, vory mi qani vayrkyanum tasnyak hazaravor mardkanc kyanq xlec, erkri eresic jnjec qaghaqner u gyugher: pattcharelov hskayacaval vnasner[12]: Hayastani Errord Han-rapetutyan arjev caracac karevoraguyn himnaxndirneric en naev Arcaxyan him-naharci hangucalucumy ev hayoc ceghaspanutyan mijazgayin tchanachman gorcyn-tacy: Arcaxyan himnaharci masin arka en hskayacaval skzbnaghbyurner ev gra-kanutyun, vory lavaguyns nerkayacvac e usumnasirutyunneric mekum[13]: Hayoc ceghaspanutyan masin evs hratarakvel en arzheqavor arxivayin ev pashtonakan phastatghter, menagrakan usumnasirutyunner, hushagrutyunner, veraprogh-neri vkayutyunner, hodvacneri zhoghovacuner ev ayl grakanutyun bazmativ lezu-nerov[14]:

2․ Hay mamuli dery․ ankaxutyan artacolumy hay mamuli ejerum

Haykakan tpagrakan qaghaqakrtutyan cirum vorpes patmakan skzbnagh-byur huyzh karevor arzheq e naev hay mamuly: artacolelov hogevor-mshakutayin, gita-kyrtakan, hasarakakan-qaghaqakan, social-tntesakan ev ayl bnuyti iroghu-tyunner։ Hayeren arajin tpagir parberakann «Azdararn» e, vory luys e tesel Hndkastani Madras qaghaqum 1794-1796 tt: Ays aritov HAG-um 2019 t․noyemberi 28-29-in kayacav gitazhoghov: «Hay mamuli dery azgayin arzhehamakargi dzevavor-man ev pahpanman gorcum. yntaniq, hayreniq, ekegheci» xoragrov, vori zhamanak zekucumnerov handes ekan Hayastani Hanrapetutyan, Arcaxi Hanrapetu-tyan ev Sphyurqi masnagetnery։ Yndgrkun e hay mamuli tpagravayreri ashxar-hagrutyuny: Hay mamuli tarber himnaharceri masin grvel en usumnasiru-tyunner ev hodvacner, kazmvel en matenagitutyunner[15]։ 1999 t.-in hratarakvac hamapatasxan matenagitutyan mej nshvum e, vor noraguyn mamuli patmutyu-ny kareli e bazhanel ereq phuli: shrjani․1․ 1987-1989-inqnahrat, 2․ 1990-1991-ancu-mayin, 3․ 1992-ic minchev ors-dzevavorman։ 1991 t․hoktemberi 8-in HH Geraguyn xor-hurdy yndunec «Mamuli ev zangvacayin lratvutyan myus mijocneri masin» oren-qy, vorov dzevavorvecin mamuli gorcuneutyan karga-vorman iravakan shrjanak-nery[16]։

Hay mamuli ejeric nerkayacnenq vorosh mejberumner:

Erevani «Azg» parberakani 1991 t.-i septemberyan hamarum zeteghvac «An-kaxutyuny mtnelu e yuraqanchyur hay yntaniq» vertarutyamb nyutum kardum enq hetevyaly. «Hay zhoghovurdy darer sharunak zrkvac e eghel ankaxutyunic: Vaghy menq kunenanq mer zhoghovrdi kamqi verjnakan patasxany: Ayd orva hamar hark eghav mghel dazhan payqar, mer zhoghovurdy tvec zoher, usti na shat tank gnov vas-takec ir petakanutyuny steghcelu iravunqy…» [17]։

Tehrani «Aliq» parberakani 1996 t.septemberi 21-i hamarum nerkayacvac e «Yaghtanaky dardznel yaratev» vertarutyamb nyuty: Nerkayacnenq mi hatvac hishyal nyutic. «Ankaxutean hrchakumov Hayastany ancaւ ayn erkrneri sharqy, vo-ronq iraւakanoreh hnaravorutiւn unen tnorinelu irenc tchakatagiry, mshakelu irenc apagay cragiry ev tchshtelu ayn ughin, vory piti arajnordi ankaxutean ti-racac zhoghovrdin depi araj u depi liarzheq ankaxutiւn: Ankaxutiւny mardka-yin hasarakutean mej ev nra keanqum ev bolor zhamanaknerum nkatւum e vorpes anphoxarineli arzheq: Hay zhoghovurdy: ir nkaragrov: eghel e jatagovn u pashtpa-ny ankaxutean gaghaphari: Patmutean aniւy pttuec ev mi pah kang araւ ash-xarhin cucadrelu hayi phayphayac gaghaphari yaghtanaky…» [18]։

Londoni «Nor serundi dzayn» parberakani 2001 t.-i hamarneric mekum evs andradardz e katarvel xndro ararka temayin «Ankaxutean xorhurdy» xorag-rov nyutum. «Hayastani ankaxutean tasnameaky ky zugadipi hay zhoghovurdi petakanoren qristoneacman 1700-ameakin: Ekeghecin mer azgi keanqen ners patmakan araqelutiւn my unecac e: Aysor, ayd araqelutean sharuankutiւny, aւeli qan anhrazheshtutiւn e boloris hamar…» [19]։

Shushi nuynanun «Shushi» parberakani 2015 t.-i hamarneric mekum zeteghvac e «Septemberi 21-y Hayastani Hanrapetutyan ankaxutyan orn e» vernagrov nyuty. «Hayastani Ankaxutyan hrchakagirn yndunvec 1990 t.-i ogostosi 23-in: Hayastani Hanrapetutyan Geraguyn Xorhrdi arajin nstashrjanum: Xorhrda-rani voroshmamb 1991 t.septem-beri 21-in anckacvec XSHM kazmic durs galu ev an-kax petakanutyun hrchakelu masin hanraqve: Hanraqven anckacvec xorhrda-yin yntrakan orensgrqi pahanjnerin hamapa-tasxan ev ancav azat u taphan-cik: Ankaxutyan hanraqvei yntacqin hetevecin 117 ditord: 25 erkric»: Xorhrda-yin Hayastani qaghaqacineri 94, 99 tokosn «ayo» asac Ankaxutyany։ Erku or anc: septemberi 23-in, Geraguyn Xorhurdy Hayastany hrchakec ankax, inqnish-xan petutyun» [20]:

Beyruti «Ararat» parberakani 2016 t.-i septemberi 21-i yamarum zetegh-vac e «Zgastutean ory kam koch zgastutean (Hayastani Errord Hanrapetu-tyan 25-rd ameak)» xoragrov ushagrav nyuty. katarenq mejberum. «Tarber zhogho-vurdneru hamar ankaxutean imasty mianshanak chi kyrnar yllal: Anonq, voronq heshtuteamb stacan ayd: bnakan e, vor yllan antarber. urishner haptcheporen ev paymanneru berumov eghan ankax petutiւn. kan naev ayloc ankaxutiւny xlac ev kashkandac petutiւnner: Isk mer paragayin: anor tiracanq qayl ar qayl, an-hamar nahatakneru ev vorbevayrineru ginov, erkarashunch maqarumnere ev an-patmeli vogorumnere etq: Dareru erazanq er ayd ev serundneru erazy: Inchqan ariւn, qrtinq, arcunq, tarapanq, bant u aqsor pahanjuecaւ merazn vordine-ren: Hayastani ashxarghagrakan dirqn u taracashrjanayin razmaqaghaqakan zargacumnery eghac en vtchrorosh: dareru holovoytin hayoc petakanuteanc stegh-cumin kam korcanman hamar: Hayastani ereq Hanrapetutiւnnery: 1918-en etq bacarutiւn cheghan ev hetevecan ayd orinachaphutean…» [21]։

Inchpes gitenq, 2021 t. septemberi 2-in lracav naev Arcaxi Hanrapetu-tyan ankaxutyan hrchakman 30-amyaky։

2004-2014 tt. hratarakvac Hayastani azgayin gradarani «Hogevor hayreniq» amsaterti 2006 t.-i septemberyan hamarum «LGhH ankaxutyan 15 am-yaky» vertarutyamb nyutum kardum enq hetevyaly. «Hay zhoghovrdin miavoroghy hay-reniqi vogin u gaghapharn e: Ayd vogu shnorhiv e, vor aysor menq unenq ankax Hayas-tan u Arcax: herosakan hayreniq: 15 tari araj irakanacav dareri erazanqy: azatagrvec patmakan Arcaxy: Dzhvarin zhamanaknerum na erbeq chxonarhvec brnakalneri araj, ayl aprec arzhanapatvoren: Ir zavaknery votqi elan hama-xymbvac, maqarecin heroabar: nvirumov zinvoragrvelov gaghapharin: Shnorhiv ayd azatutyan u ankaxutyan: aysor vogevorutyun ev zartonq e aprum hay zhoghovur-dy» [22]: Inchpes tesnum enq, hay mamuli ejerum nerkayacvel e naev ankaxutyan iro-ghutyuny։

HAG-um irakanacvogh tpagir artadranqi mecacaval tvaynacman ashxatanqneri shrjanaknerum mecapes karevorvum e naev hay mamuli tvaynacman gorcyntacy: Gradarani kayqum, i tivs ayl shtemaranneri, zeteghvac e naev «Hay mamul» shtemarany[23]։ Haykakan sha-runakakan hratarakutyunneri hamahavaq gracucakum mutqagrvac en parbera-kanneri himnakan matenagitakan tvyalnery: parberakani hertakan hamarnery pa-runakogh kic aghyusaknerov: «Kardal arcanc» hghman nerqo hasaneli en parberakanneri tvayin pattchennery։ Tvaynacumn apahovum e tpagir artadranqi ev teghekatvutyan ar-xivacum tvayin dzevachaphov: HAG-i kayqum zeteghvac elektronayin shtemarannery hnara-vorutyun en yndzerum haykakan gravor mshakutayin zharangutyuny nerkayacnel hanrutyany[24]: npastelov naev usumnagitakan u hetazotakan ashxatanqneri irakanacmany ev tpagir zharangutyan hanrahrchakmany։

Amphophoelov xosqs maghtum em, vor Hayastani Hnarapetutun-Arcaxi Hnarapetu-tyun-Sphyurq eramiasnutyuny arzhanvuyn dimakayi ardi darashyr-jani tarabnuyt martahravernerin: i phars hamayn hayutyan patmakan npa-takneri kensagorcman: